globalqert.blogg.se - Sana a manuscripts

Bothmer left Ṣan'ā' in the following year, but continued to run the project from Germany, traveling to the site almost every year.īeginning in 1982, Ursula Dreibholz served as the conservator for this project, and worked full-time in Ṣan'ā' until the end of 1989. His involvement came to an end in 1985, when Hans-Caspar Graf von Bothmer (University of Saarland) took over as the local director. Puin ( University of Saarland) was the director beginning with 1981. Work on the ground began in 1981 and continued through the end of 1989, when the project terminated with the end of funding. Albrecht Noth ( University of Hamburg) was the director of the project. None is complete and many contain only a few folios apiece. All of them, except 1500–2000 fragments, were assigned to 926 distinct Quranic manuscripts as of 1997. The find includes 12,000 Quranic parchment fragments. It was funded by the Cultural Section of the German Foreign Ministry. Restoration of the fragments began in 1980 under the supervision of the Yemeni Department for Antiquities. The preserved fragments comprise Quranic and non-Quranic material.

Al-Akwa' sought international assistance in examining and preserving the fragments, and in 1979 managed to interest a visiting German scholar, who in turn persuaded the West German government to organize and fund a restoration project. Qadhi Isma'il al-Akwa', then the president of the Yemeni Antiquities Authority, realized the potential importance of the find. Not realizing their significance, the workers gathered up the documents, packed them away into some twenty potato sacks, and left them on the staircase of one of the mosque's minarets. In 1972, construction workers renovating a wall in the attic of the Great Mosque of Sana'a in Yemen came across large quantities of old manuscripts and parchments, many of which were deteriorated.

3.2 Relation of the lower text to other non-'Uthmanic quranic traditions.

2.2.7 Characteristics of the hand in the lower text.

A radiocarbon analysis has dated the parchment of one of the detached leaves sold at auction, and hence its lower text, to between 578 CE (44 BH) and 669 CE (49 AH) with a 95% accuracy. A partial reconstruction of the lower text was published in 2012, and a reconstruction of the legible portions of both lower and upper texts of the 38 folios in the Sana'a House of Manuscripts was published in 2017 utilising post-processed digital images of the lower text. The upper text largely conforms to the standard 'Uthmanic' Quran in text and in the standard order of chapters ( suwar, singular sūrah), whereas the lower text (the original text that was erased and written over by the upper text, but can still be read with the help of ultraviolet light and computer processing) contains many variations from the standard text, and the sequence of its chapters corresponds to no known Quranic order. Part of a sizable cache of Quranic and non-Quranic fragments discovered in Yemen during a 1972 restoration of the Great Mosque of Sanaa, the manuscript was identified as a palimpsest Quran in 1981 as it is written on parchment and comprises two layers of text. The Sanaa palimpsest (also Ṣanʽā’ 1 or DAM 01-27.1) or Sanaa Quran is one of the oldest Quranic manuscripts in existence. For other uses, see Quran (disambiguation).